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Dairy Element EIR

Volume 1A - Response to Comments

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Cover and Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 2 - Summary of Changes
Chapter 3 - List of Commentors
Chapter 4 - Responses to Comments

1. Michael LaSalle, Griswold, LaSalle, Cobb, Dowd & Gin, L.L.P.
2. Michael Virden, Kings County Fire Department
3. Brian Grattidge, Governor’s Office of Planning and Research
4. Keith Winkler, Kings County Division of Environmental Health Services
5. Dave Mitchell, San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District
6. Debbie Pilas-Treadway, Native American Heritage Commission
7. Clay Rodgers, Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board
8. Dave Mitchell, San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District
9. Jim Gregory, Verdegaal Brothers, Inc.
10. Al Dias, California Department of Transportation, District 6
11. Terry Roberts, Governor’s Office of Planning and Research
12. Bruce Livingston, Livingston Dairy Consulting, Inc.
13. Kelly Deming, Kings County Farm Bureau
14. Keith Winkler, Kings County Division of Environmental Health Services
15. Gary Byde, Kings Mosquito Abatement District
16. David Eisenberg
17. Antonio Pedro, Pedro Dairy
18. Jacob de Jong, River Ranch Dairy
19. Carol Collar, University of California Cooperative Extension
20. Michael Marsh, Western United Dairymen
21. Michael LaSalle, Griswold, LaSalle, Cobb, Dowd, & Gin, L.L.P.
22. Aaron Isherwood, Sierra Club
23. Chuck Draxler, Kings County Farm Bureau
24. Caroline Farrell and Brent Newell, Center for Race, Poverty and the Environment
25. Jan C. Knight, United States Fish and Wildlife Service


Volume 1B - A - Changes to the Draft of the Dairy Element of Kings County

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Title Page for Volume 1B

Cover and Table of Contents for the Draft Dairy Element of Kings County

Summary

Section 1 - Introduction
Section 2 - Theoretical Capacity of Kings County to Host Dairies

Section 3 - Policies for the location and siting of dairies

Section 4 - Design Standards for Individual Dairy Projects

Section 5 - Dairy Monitoring Program
Section 6 - Dairy Quality Assurance
Section 7 - Economic Analysis of the Dairy Industry in Kings County
Section 8 - Program Environmental Impact Report (PEIR)

Appendicies Cover

Appendix A - Tables

Table 1 - Dairy Permit Approvals from 1979 - 2000
Table 2 - Survey of Dairies in Kings County
Table 3 - Dairy Herd Growth in Kings County from 1988 - 2000
Table 3a - Dairy Growth in Kings County from 1982 - 2000
Table 4 - Dairy Development and Nutrient Spreading Overlay Zone Areas
Table 5 - Theoretical Capacity Model for Standard Freestall Dairies Balanced for Nitrogen and Salt Discounted for Additional Nitrogen Loading Sources Nitrogen & Salt Generation Calculation Table (1)
Table 5a - Additional Nitrogen Loading Sources

Appendix B - Definitions of Terms Used in the Dairy Element

Appendix C - Questionnaire Form

Appendix D - Figures

Figure 3 - General Plan Designations & Sphere of Influence
Figure 4 - Zoning Districts
Figure 5 - FEMA Flood Zones
Figure 6 - Existing Dairies
Figure 7 - Other CAFO's
Figure 8 - Communities
Figure 9 - Schools
Figure 10 - Soil Map of Kings County
Figure 11 - Highest Recorded Water Table
Figure 11b - Highest Recorded Water Table
Figure 12 - Orchards and Vineyards

Appendix E - Zoning Ordinance Amendments

Appendix F - Economic Analysis of the Dairy Industry in Kings County

Appendix G - Draft Program Environmental Impact Report (Draft-PEIR)

Appendix H - Final Program Environmental Impact Report (Final-PEIR)

Appendix I - Resolutions

Appendix J - Technical Report Contents

Appendix K - Other General Plan Element Amendments


Volume 1B - B - Changes to the Draft Program Environmental Impact Report

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Appendix B - Changes to the Draft Program Environmental Impact Report

Section 2 - Summary

Section 3 - Project Description

Section 4 - Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures

Section 4.1 - Geology, Soils, and Seismicity (pages 1-6)
Section 4.1 - Geology, Soils, and Seismicity (pages 7-19)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 1-12)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (page 13)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 14-22)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 23-34)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (page 35)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 36-44)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 45-56)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 57-61)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (page 62)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 63-65)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (page 66)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 67-68)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 69-76)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 77-86)
Section 4.2 - Air Quality (pages 87-90)
Section 4.3 - Water Resources (pages 1-12)
Section 4.3 - Water Resources (pages 13-41)
Section 4.4 - Biological Resources
Section 4.5 - Noise
Section 4.6 - Visual Resources
Section 4.7 - Land Use and Policy Consistency
Section 4.8 - Human Health/Risk of Upset
Section 4.9 Transportation and Circulation
Section 4.10 Public Services and Utilities
Section 4.11 Cultural Resources


Volume 1B - C - Mitigation Monitoring Plan

Mitigation Monitoring Plan

Section 5 - CEQA Statutory Sections (pages 1-6)
Section 5 - CEQA Statutory Sections (pages 7-20)

Section 6 - Alternatives


Volume 1B - D - Revised Air Quality Calculations

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Revised Project Air Emissions


Revised Cumulative Air Emissions

Pages 1-26
Page 27
Page 28
Page 29
Page 30
Page 31


Revised Alternative Air Emissions

Pages 1-22
Pages 23-24
Page 25
Pages 26-27
Page 28
Pages 29-30

 


Table of Persons, Agencies and Organizations Commenting

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Volume IIA

1. Griswold, LaSalle, Cobb, Dowd & Gin-Michael LaSalle March 7, 2001 1
2. Kings County Fire Dept.-Mike Virden, Fire Marshall April 10, 2001 6
3. Governor's Office of Planning and Research-State Clearinghouse April 16, 2001 8
4. Kings Co. Div. of Env. Health Services-Keith Winkler, Dir. April 23, 2001 11
5. SJV Unified Air Pollution Control District-Dave Mitchell May 3, 2001 14
6. Native American Heritage Commission-Debbie Pilas-Treadway May 7, 2001 16
7. Regional Waster Quality Control Board-Clay Rodgers June 7, 2001 17
8. SJV Unified Air Pollution Control District- Dave Mitchell June 8, 2001 21
9. Verdegaal Bros. Inc.-Jim Gregory June 8, 2001 23
10. California Dept. of Transportation, District 6-Al Dias June 21, 2001 24

1. Letter from Al Dias, Office of Transportation Planning, District 6 (April 20, 2001).
2. Letter from Al Dias, Office of Transportation Planning, District 6 (Feb. 5, 2001).

11. Governor's Office of Planning and Research-State Clearinghouse July 31, 2001 27

1. State Clearninghouse Data Base (project summary).
2. Notice of Completion and Environmental Document Transmittal Form,Program Environmental Impact Report, Revised Dairy Element of the Kings County General Plan (May 10, 2001).
3. Letter from Clay Rodgers, Senior Engineering Geologist, California Regional Water
Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region (June 7, 2001).
4. Letter from Matthew Scroggins, Staff Engineer, California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region, to Clay Rodgers (June 7, 2001)(containing comments to the Review of Program Environmental Impact Report (EIR), Revised DraftDairy Element of the Kings County General Plan).
5. Letter from Al Dias, Office of Transportation Planning, District 6 (June 21, 2001).
6. Letter from Al Dias, Office of Transportation Planning, District 6 (April 20, 2001).
7. Letter from Al Dias, Office of Transportation Planning, District 6 (Feb. 5, 2001).

12. Livingston Dairy Consultanting, Inc.-Bruce Livingston August 15, 2001 37
13. Kings Co. Farm Bureau- Kelly Deming, Executive Director August 23, 2001 38
14. Kings Co. Div. of Env. Health Services-Keith Winkler, Dir. August 24, 2001 39
15. Kings Co. Mosquito Abatement Dist.-Gary Byde, Asst. Mgr. September 7, 2001 44
16. David Eisenberg September 7, 2001 45
17. Pedro Dairy-Antonio Pedro September 9, 2001 47
18. Jacob de Jong, River Ranch Dairy September 10, 2001 48
19. U.C. Cooperative Extension-Carol Collar September 10, 2001 53
20. Western United Dairymen-Michael Marsh, CEO September 10, 2001, 57

1. Comments on the Revised Draft Dairy Element of the Kings County General Plan, Western United Dairymen (Sept. 10, 2001).
2. Dairy Waste Management: An Integrated Approach to Education and Compliance,
A partnership agreement between: the State of California, various Federal Agencies, the University of California, and the California Dairy Industry (Sept. 9, 1999).
3. Production Agriculture Voluntary (Incentive Based) Air Quality Compliance Program, Agricultural Air Quality Task Force (Nov. 10, 1999).

21. Griswold, LaSalle, Cobb, Dowd & Gin-Michael LaSalle September 10, 2001 84

1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Methane Emissions 1990-2020: Inventories, Projections, and Opportunities for Reductions, September 1999 (EPA 430-R-99-013), p. 1-1 to 1-5.
2. DOUGLAS V. HOYT & K.H. SCHATTEN, THE ROLE OF THE SUN IN CLIMATE CHANGE (1997) at 86.
3. Douglas V. Hoyt & K.H. Schatten, A Discussion of Plausible Solar
Irradiance Variations, 1700-1992, 98 JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH 18904 (1993).
4. R.W. Spencer, J.R Christy & N.C. Grody, Global Atmospheric Temperature Monitoring With Satellite Microwave Measurements, JOURNAL OF CLIMATE 3, pp. 1111-1112
5. Bruce C. Douglas, Global Sea Level Acceleration, 97 JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL
RESEARCH 12699-12706.
6. R.H. Essenhigh, Does CO2 Really Drive Global Warming?, 31 CHEMICAL INNOVATION 44-46 (2001).
7. C. Kuo, C. Lindberg & D.J. Thompson, 343 NATURE 709-713.
8. A.N. STRAHLER ET. AL., ENVIRONMENTAL GEOSCIENCE (1973) at 30.

9. R. Essenhigh, Letter to Editor, WALL STREET JOURNAL, October 10, 2000
10. H. H. LAMB, CLIMATE, HISTORY AND THE MODERN WORLD (1982) at 171-210.

11. R. Zhang, "Biology and Engineering of Animal Wastewater Lagoons," undated, p. 4-6

12. RADIAN CORPORATION, EVALUATION OF EMISSIONS FROM SELECTED UNINVENTORIED SOURCES, (1988) at 5-4.
13. Earl D. Halberg, South Coast Air Quality Management District, Engineering Report on Area Source Emissions From Livestock Waste (1984) at 2.
14. KVB, Inc., Control of Hydrocarbon Emissions From Stationary Sources in the California South Coast Air Basins, 1978, prepared for CARB, p. 2-79.
15. U.S. Government, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Civilian Labor Force Data
16. Employment Development Department ("EDD"), Labor Market Information
17. Proof of Service, dated September 10, 2001


22. Sierra Club-Aaron Isherwood, Counsel September 7, 2001 250

1. Communities for a Better Env't v. California Resources Agency (Cal. Super. Ct. Apr. 25, 2001) No. 00CS00300, slip op. (ordering California Resources Agency to set aside certain CEQA Guidelines sections because they are not authorized by the statute) (3 pages).
2. Center on Race, Poverty and the Env't v. County of Kern (Cal. Super. Ct. May 3, 2001) No. 242336, slip op. (ordering Kern County to perform a cumulative impact analysis considering both existing and planned dairies; revamp the alternatives section; analyze the health impacts of dairy operations; analyze the use of an aerobic treatment system; analyze solutions in the event of groundwater contamination; detail the volume of leakage anticipated from lagoons)(18 pages).
3. Comments of Alan E. Gay, P.E. (July 19, 2001) on Draft Dairy Element
and Program Environmental Impact Report, with February 6, 2001 comments attached (9 pages).
4. Alan E. Gay, P.E., Dairy Waste Pollution Reduction (May 2001)(25 pages).
5. Curriculum vitae of Alan E. Gay, P.E. (6 pages).

6. Abstracts Book, Workshop on Atmospheric Nitrogen Compounds II: Emissions, Transport, Transformation, Deposition and Assessment (June 7-9, 1999) (63 pages). Volume IIB
7. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa Ana Region, Dairies and Their Relationship to Water Quality Problems in the Chino Basin (July 1990) (109 pages).
8. Kathy J. Martin, P.E. "Lagoon Seepage and Mass Loading of Pollutants: Calculations for the Borba Dairy, Kern County, California" (July 20, 2000) (5 pages).
9. Stephen D. Arnold, Ph.D., & Edward A. Meister, Ph.D., "Dairy Feedlot
Contributions to Groundwater Contamination: A Preliminary Study in New Mexico," Environmental Health (September 1999)(4 pages).
10. Save Our Forest and Ranchlands v. County of San Diego, (Cal. Super. Ct. Aug. 31, 2000) No. 676630, slip op. (ordering County to prepare a revised EIR which analyzes the biological, botanical and hydrological resources at risk or impacted on certain lands)(9 pages).
11. Eugene Lengerich, David G. Addiss, James A. Marx, Beth L.P. Ungar,
& Dennis D. Juranek, "Increased Exposure to Cryptosporidia among Dairy Farmers in Wisconsin," Journal of Infectious Diseases (1999) (4 pages).
12. Jonathan Knight, "Gene Plan/Dairys lift lid on drug-resistance puzzle,"
Nature (May 31, 2001) (3 pages).
13. William R. MacKenzie et al., "A Massive Outbreak in Milwaukee of
Cryptosporidium Infection Transmitted through the Public Water Supply," New England Journal of Medicine (July 21, 1994) (7 pages).
14. Edward R. Atwill, "Pathogens Excreted by Livestock and Transmitted to Humans through Water," University of California Davis Agricultural Research Center (August 1997) (18 pages).
15. Jane L. Mawdsley et al., "Pathogens in livestock waste, their potential for movement through soil and environmental pollution," Applied Soil Ecology (1995) (14 pages).
16. Jane L. Mawdsley, Alison Brooks & Roger J. Merry, "Movement of the
protozoan pathogen Cryptosporidium parvum through three contrasting soil types," Biological Fertility of Soils (1996) (6 pages).
17. Center on Race, Poverty and the Env't v. County of Kern (Cal. Super. Ct. May 3, 2001) No. 242336, slip op. (ordering Kern County to perform a cumulative impact analysis considering both existing and planned dairies; revamp the alternatives section; analyze the health impacts of dairy operations; analyze the use of an aerobic treatment system; analyze solutions in the event of groundwater contamination; detail the volume of leakage anticipated from lagoons)(18 pages). (Duplicate)

23. Kings Co. Farm Bureau-Chuck Draxler September 10, 2001 625

1. Review of the Revised Draft Dairy Element of the Kings County General Plan, Section III - Policies for the Location and Siting of Dairies; Section IV - Design Criteria for Individual Dairy Projects; Dairy System Design Policy; Section V - Dairy Monitoring Program; Section VI - Dairy Conformance Program; Appendix B
2. University of California, Davis, "Dairy Waste Management: An Integrated
Approach to Education and Compliance" (September 9, 1999).
3. "Production Agriculture - Voluntary (Incentive Based) Air Quality
Compliance Program" (November 10, 1999).
4. Ordinance No. 587 - County of Kings Establishing Water Well Standards
in Accordance with California Water Code Section 13801
5. Huey D. Johnson, et al, Water Well Standards: State of California, Bulletin #74-81, Department of Water Resources, December 1981
6. California Department of Water Resources, California Well Standards, Bulletin #74-90 (Supplement to Bulletin 74-81) (June 1991). Volume IIC
7. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region, Water Quality Control Plan for the Tulare Lake Basin, (1995, 2nd ed.).
8. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region,
Annual Report [Form] for Facilities in the feedlot Category Regulated by Statewide General Permit - WQ Order No. 97-03-DWQ NPDES No.CAS000001.
9. California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region, Fact Sheets For Dairies
10. Issue List and Work Plan for the 1998 Triennial Review of the Water Quality Control Plan for the Tulare Lake Basin
11. Combined SWRCB/CIWMB Regulations, Division 2, Title 27

12. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act, Article 1. General"
13. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act, Article 2. General Responsibilities"
14. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 2.5. Definitions"
15. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 2.6. General"
16. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 4.5. Streamlined Environmental Review"
17. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act, Article 5. Preliminary Review of Projects and Conduct of Initial Study"
18. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act, Article 10. Considerations in Preparing EIRs and Negative Declarations"
19. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act, Article 18. Statutory Exemptions"
20. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act, Article 19. Categorical Exemptions"
21. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Chapter 3. Guidelines for Implementation of the
California Environmental Quality Act, Article 20. Definitions"
22. CEQA GUIDELINES, "Final Adopted Revision to State CEQA Guideline 14
C.C.R. Section 15064(i) including nonsubstantial changes" Volume IID

24. Center for Race, Poverty and the Environment-Caroline Farrell September 10, 2001 1258


Appendix A

1. Letter from James Rader, Kings County Planning Agency Code Compliance Specialist, to Mr. and Mrs. Manuel Galhandro regarding Notice of Violation (March 23, 1998).
2. Letter from Kings County Planning Agency, Code Compliance to Manuel Galhandro regarding Notice of Violation - Final Warning (March 10, 1999).
3. Inspection Report from Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board regarding Discharges at the Galhandro Dairy (February 24, 2000).
4. Letter from California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Valley Region to Mr. Manuel Galhandro regarding Notice of Violation (March 27, 2000)
5. Letter from James Rader, Kings County Planning Agency Code Compliance Specialist, to Manuel Galhandro regarding Notice of Violation and Order to Comply (April 10, 2000).
6. Estimated Timeline for Conditional Use Permit No. 98-14 (Galhandro) (Faxed December 4, year unknown).

Appendix B

7. California Regional Water Quality Control Board Santa Ana Region, "Dairies and their Relationship to Water Quality Problems in the Chino Basin" (July 1990).

Appendix C

8. Borba Farms Environmental Impact Report (September 3, 1999), at p. 4.3-9.

Appendix D

9. Natural Resource Conservation Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Waste Management Field Handbook (July 1996), at 6-19 to 6-21.

Appendix E

10. Merced County Comprehensive Nutrient Management Plan at Table 6 ("Plant Food Utilization by Various Crops").

Appendix F

11. American Lung Association, State of the Air: 2001.

Appendix G

12. Jonathan M. Samet, M.D. et al., Fine Particulate Matter Pollution and Mortality in 20 U.S. Cities, 1987-1994, 343 NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1747 (2000).

Appendix H

13. American Lung Association, Selected Key Studies on Particulate Matter and Health: 1997-2001 (March 5, 2001).

Appendix I

14. Arden C. Pope, Epidemeology of Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Human Health: Biologic Mechanisms and Who's at Risk?, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES, v.108, supp.4 (August 2000).

Appendix J

15. Letter from Cliff R. Scholle, Air Quality Scientist, to Tony Olivera, Vice-Chair, Kings County Board of Supervisors regarding the Chamberlain Ranch Project (March 24, 2000).

Appendix K

16. The Chamberlain Ranch Project (Boswell), "Air Quality", at 4.2-4.28 (October 15, 1999).

Appendix L

17. Summary of Impacts of Ozone on Vegetation by Jeanne Panek, Ph.D.

Appendix M

18. Harley H. Davis, Monitoring and Evaluation of Water Quality under Central Valley Dairy Sites, Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, Draft Study presented at the California Plant and Soil Conference (1995).

Appendix N

19. Tulare County Animal Confinement Facilities Plan Environmental Impact Report, Responses to Comments at 31.

Appendix O

20. Kathy J. Martin, Martin Environmental Services, Lagoon Seepage and Mass Loading of Pollutants: Caculations for the Borba Dairy, Kern County, California (July 20, 2000).

Appendix P

21. Letter from Karen J. Miller, Chief, Endangered Species Division, U.S. Fish and WildlifeService, Department of the Interior, Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office to Kris Cardoza,Associate Planner, Kern County Planning Department, regarding Proposed NegativeDeclaration for EA KC 1-99 (October 1, 1999).

Appendix Q

22. Natural Resources Defense Council, America's Animal Factories: How States Fail toPrevent Pollution from Livestock Wastes, Chapter 1, Environmental and Health Consequences of Animal Factories (1998).

Appendix R

23. Margaret Reeves, et al., Fields of Poison: California Farmworkers and Pesticides (1999).

Appendix S

24. Alice N. Pell, Manure and Microbes: Public and Animal Health Problem?, 80 Journal ofDairy Science 2678-79 (1997).

Appendix T

25. William R. MacKenzie, et al., A Massive Outbreak in Milwaukee of CryptosporidiumInfection Transmitted through the Public Water Supply, 331 NEW ENGLAND JOURNALOF MEDICINE 161 (1994).

Appendix U

26. Neil J. Hoxie, et al., Cryptosporidiosis-Associated Mortality Following a Massive Waterborne Outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 87 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLICHEALTH 2032 (1997).

25. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Jan C. Knight September 14, 2001 1661

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